Vim li cas thiaj passivation tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj kav hlau stainless

Cov txheej txheem

1.InRoduction

2.fundamentals ntawmStainless hlauthiab nws txheej passive

3.Yog dab tsi? Txhais thiab Txheej Txheem

4.THYHY STORS STAD xav tau passivation: cov peev txheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj saum npoo

5.Qhov txheej txheem passivation: Cov hau kev, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev coj ua zoo

6. Tshab, kev sim tshuaj, thiab kev lees paub zoo rau kev ua haujlwm

7.Benefits ntawm passivation: kev ua tau zoo, muaj peev xwm, thiab kev nyab xeeb

8.Txoj kev ua haujlwm thiab tsis meej ntawm passivation

9.Real {- Cov ntawv thov ntiaj teb thiab kev kawm

10.Qhov kev sib tw passivation passivation rau kev lag luam sib txawv

11.environmental, kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov kev txiav txim siab

12.Cov

1. Pib

Stainless hlau tau dav tus nqi zog rau nws cov kws kho tshuab, ducurity, thiab {{}} nws nws corrosion tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws "stainless" kev ua tau zoo yog tsis siv neeg lossis nyob mus ib txhis. Nyob rau hauv tiag tiag - kev fab ntiaj teb no, tshuab siv hluav taws xob, cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov khoom siv tsis xeb nws thiaj li ua tau zoo. Yog tsis muaj kev saib xyuas tsim nyog, qhov kev ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo dua txo qis kev ua tau zoo, luv luv lub neej pabcuam, thiab ua rau kom kim heev.

Passivationyog tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas kho dua tshiab, ntxiv dag zog, thiab tso dag cov txheej tiv thaiv txheej txheem. Raws li tau hais tseg hauv phau ntawv Hengko, passivation chemically txhim kho cov chromium oxide txheej los tiv thaiv lub substrate los ntawm xeb thiab xeb. Tab sis kom nws tseem ceeb txaus siab nws qhov tseem ceeb, ib qho yuav tsum delve ntxaum rau cov ntaub ntawv kev kawm, cov txheej txheem zoo, thiab tiag- ntiaj teb cuam tshuam ntawm passivation.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb tshawb {{- nyob rau hauv qhov tob- Vim li cas nws ua haujlwm kom ua tau zoo rau kev ua tau zoo thiab lub neej ntawm stainless hlau.

2. Cov Qauv ntawm Stainless Hlau Thiab nws cov txheej Passive

Ua ntej peb sib tham txog passivation nws tus kheej, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nkag siab qhov ntawm stainless hlau thiab txheej passive uas muab nws corrosion tsis kam.

2.1 Dab tsi yog cov hlau tsis xeb?

Stainless hlau yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau (FE) Qhov kev txhais tau ntawm cov hlau stainless yog nws lub peev xwm tiv thaiv corrosion, uas nyob ntawm aCov ntsiab lus tsawg kawg nkaus li Chromium (feem ntau loj dua lossis sib npaug rau 10.5-12%)los ua cov txheej bigive ua ruaj khov.

Chromium nthuav tawm ntawm sab npoo oxidizes nthawv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov oxygen (los ntawm huab cua lossis dej paug), feem ntau tsuas yog ob peb cov nanometers tuab. Qhov kev ua yeeb yaj kiab passive yog "tus neeg saib xyuas" uas tiv thaiv cov hlau hauv cov alloy los ntawm kev rov qab ua ke, noo, pleev xim rau), yog li tiv taus xeb

2.2 Vim li cas lub ntuj passive txheej tsis txaus

Txawm hais tias Stainless hlau nyhav los tsim cov txheej passive spontaneously, cov natide natide feem ntau yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig lossis tsis tiav. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj:

Kev tsis raug:Machining, sib tsoo, vuam, los yog tsim cov haujlwm hlau lossis cov pa roj carbon- steel hais rau lossis saum npoo.

Kev ntxhov siab ntawm Chemistry:Lub chromium - rau -}} ill hlau sib piv rau saum npoo yuav cuam tshuam; Cov hlau dawb (lossis hlau oxides) yuav nyob twj ywm, txo qis corrosion tsis kam.

Thermal lossis tshuab puas:Thaum tshav kub kub ntawm vuam lossis txias ua haujlwm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lossis tshem tawm zaj duab xis passive.

Raug rau ib puag ncig ib puag ncig:Chloride ions, acids, lossis harsh xov xwm tuaj yeem nkag mus los yog demrade lub caij passive txheej, tsim kom tsis muaj zog me ntsis.

Vim hais tias cov kev tiv thaiv no, cia siab ib leeg nyob rau ntawm cov zaj duab xis passive feem ntau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev thov cov ntawv thov.

3. Dab tsi yog passivation? Txhais thiab Txheej Txheem

3.1 Cov Lus Txhais ntawm Passivation

PassivationHais txog kev tswj hwm tshuaj lom neeg uas tau txhim kho thiab ruaj khov lub chromium {{0} Cov txheej txheej ceev oxide txheej ntawm stainless hlau. Tsis yog ntxiv cov txheej tuab tiv thaiv, passivationTxhawb nqa cov tsim ntawm cov khaub ncaws hnav, ruaj khov, yuag heev (nanometer - nplai) chromium oxide txheejuas muaj zog tiv taus corrosion.

Raws li ASTM A967 (ib tus qauv hais rau hauv tsev), passivation cuam tshuam nrog tshem tawm cov hlau me me (qee zaum

3.2 Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Kev Hla

Ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim ob - qib qauv ntawm yuav ua li cas passivation ua haujlwm:

Hlau tshem tawm (ua kom nce qib):
Lub stainless hlau yog nthuav tawm cov kua qaub acid (feem ntau nitric acid lossis citric acid). Qhov no yaj cov hlau dawb (lossis cov hlau sib xyaw) tam sim no rau lossis ze rau ntawm cov chaw chromium lossis lwm yam alloying.

Hlau dawb ua raws li lub peev xwm pib ntawm thaj chaw rau corrosion ("xeb noob"). Tshem tawm nws ntxuav cov nplaim ntawm cov nplej - bondary theem.

This step helps correct areas where the chromium-to-iron ratio is lowered due to machining or contamination.

Tsim / ntxiv dag zog ntawm passive zaj duab xis (oxidation kauj ruam):
Tom qab cov hlau tshem tawm, ib puag ncig oxidizing (feem ntau muab los ntawm cov kua qaub rau cov pa roj av) tso cai rau cov roj ntsha rau cov roj ntsha ruaj khov rau cov roj ruaj khov (cr₂o₃).

Qhov no oxidation enriches nto nyob rau hauv chromium, sib sau ua ib co, ruaj khov cov txheej passive.

Lub txiaj ntsig oxide txheej ua kom zoo nkauj rau cov txheej txheem oostrate thiab muab ntau dua corrosion tsis kam, feem ntau hloov chaw hauv electrochemical muaj peev xwm mus rau ntau "kev coj ua" noble ".

3.3 physicochemical hloov pauv ntawm oxide zaj duab xis

Kev tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib tw stainless hlau (piv txwv li, 316L) qhia tias passivation cov kev hloov pauv loj tuaj yeem ua yeeb yaj kiab Oxide cov qauv duab:

Cov txheej txheej sab nraud enriched nyob rau hauv hlau (FE) yog qhov uas nyiam yaj, txo fe (III) cov ntsiab lus.

Sab hauv txheej dhau los ua ntau dua enriched nyob rau hauv cr (III), txhim kho zaj yeeb yaj kiab cov kev tiv thaiv zoo.

Cov kev txhim kho no ua rau cov kev coj cwj pwm ntawm cov npoo av: passivated hlau feem ntau qhia kev txhim kho polargion tsis kam thiab muaj peev xwm ntau dua.

Kev laus ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab passive (dhau sijhawm) txuas ntxiv nce chromium txhawb thiab txhim kho kev ruaj khov.

4. Vim li casStainless hlauXav tau passivation: cov peev txheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj saum npoo

Txawm hais tias stainless hlau ib txwm ua cov txheej passive, ntau {{{0} house ntiaj teb cov txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj lossis paug ntawm txheej ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm passivation.

4.1 Fabrication thiab Machining

Sib tsoo thiab polishing:Cov cuab yeej muaj carbon steel lossis hlau tuaj yeem tso cov khoom ntawm cov npoo av.

Machining:Txiav thiab drilling embed thawv los yog cuab cov ntaub ntawv mus rau saum npoo microstructure, cuam tshuam cov chromium - oxide barrier.

Vuam:Vuam cua sov cuam tshuam cov oxide, tuaj yeem ua kom cua sov, teev tsim, thiab chromium depetion ntawm lub weld cheeb tsam.

Thermal Kev Nyuaj Siab:Qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob kub los yog dabtsi yog khoov, cua codal cycling tuaj yeem tawg, ua tau zoo, lossis kev ua txhaum txoj sia tam sim no.

4.2 Kev Cuam Tshuam

Deg hlau tsis muaj:Hlau hais los ntawm lwm cov cuab yeej hlau, ntim cov hlau racks, lossis Swarf tuaj yeem tso rau hauv cov chaw tawv nqaij thiab ua raws li kev pib corrosion.

Micro - impurities:Thaum lub sijhawm sib xyaw, roj, roj, khw av, thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem ua raws li lossis kos rau saum npoo.

Kev phom sij ib puag ncig:Hauv kev xeb ib puag ncig (piv txwv li, cov tshuaj muaj acidic siab), cov yeeb yaj kiab passive tuaj yeem yog qhov tsis zoo lossis nkag mus. Chloride ions, tshwj xeeb, tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov yeeb yaj kiab passive thiab destabiled nws.

4.3 kev ua haujlwm hnav thiab kua muag

Kev ntxuav thiab txij nkawm:Abrasive tu, hlau txhuam hniav, lossis ua kom nruj me ntsis yuav kho tshuab tshem tawm lossis puas txheej passive.

Tuav:Tuav cov cuab yeej nrog hlau cov cuab yeej, kev thauj khoom, chaw thau khoom, thauj khoom tuaj yeem qhia cov khawb, cov zaub paug tsis huv, lossis puas tsuaj rau saum npoo.

4.4 Kev laus thiab diffusion cuam tshuam

Sij hawm dhau los, nws yog xim hlau (xws li hlau) los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau yuav tsiv mus rau saum npoo, tsis muaj zog lub passive txheej yog tias tsis muaj ib ce rov qab.

5. Cov txheej txheem passivation: Cov hau kev, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev coj ua zoo

Passivation is not one-size-fits-all: specific alloys, surface conditions, and regulatory requirements demand tailored procedures.

5.1 Cov Txheej Txheem Hla Dhau

5.2 Cov lej tseem ceeb hauv passivation

Thaum tsim qauv los yog ua ib txheej txheem passivation, cov kab hauv qab no yuav tsum ua tib zoo tswj:

Acid Asser & Hom:Sib txawv ntawm cov qib sib txawv teb tau teb sib txawv; nitric thiab citric muaj ntau.

Da Dej Kub:Kev nce qib kub ua kom nrawm nrawm nrawm tab sis tuaj yeem pheej hmoo -} etching.

Lub sijhawm raus dej kawm:Txaus kom tshem tawm cov kuab paug saum npoo av, tab sis tsis yog li ntawd ua rau kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm substrate.

Nto huv:Pre6 -}} tu yog qhov tseem ceeb; Roj, roj lossis zeb nplai yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej.

Yaug thiab ziab:Tom qab passivation, txhij rinsing (feem ntau ntau theem) yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov kua qaub acid.

Cua kis lossis oxidizer:Raug rau cov pa oxygen tom qab kho cov acid pab tsim cov txheej txheej.

Post -} Passivation Kho:Zaj duab xis passive yuav txuas ntxiv kom paub tab dhau 24-48 teev tom qab kev kho mob.

5.3 Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb & Kev Txiav Txim Siab

Qhov chaw dim pa thiab kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog nitric acid.

Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj cov iav tiv thaiv: Acid - Cov hnab looj tes tiv hnab looj tes, hnab looj tes, ntsej muag, ua pa raws li qhov xav tau.

Khib nyiab khib nyiab yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev teeb meem tshuaj.

Kev Tu Da Dej: Acid concentration thiab oxidizer yuav tsum raug saib xyuas thiab hloov raws li xav tau.

Nyeem ntxiv:Cov txheej txheem passivation, cov qauv, thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam stainless hlau

6. Cov Qauv, Kev Ntsuas, thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg Zoo rau Kev Ua Haujlwm

Ua kom ntseeg tau tias yog ua kom tiav yuav tsum tau siv rau cov qauv kev lag luam thiab ntsuas nruj.

6.1 tus qauv kev lag luam tseem ceeb

ASTM A967 / A967M:Cov qauv qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev kho mob rau kev kho mob passlivation rau cov hlau stainless.

Ams 2700:Kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov kev daws teeb meem thiab cov txheej txheem tswj.

ISO 8501 / ISO 8502:Cov qauv huv huv; pab tau rau ua ntej -} Kev Tu Tu.

6.2 Kev sim rau passivation zoo

Ntau cov tswv yim yuav siv tau los xyuas kev ua tiav passivation:

Tooj liab sulfate xeem:Nto tawm yog raug rau lub tooj liab sulfate daws; Yog hais tias tus saum npoo lees txais tooj liab, nws qhia cov hlau ua kom nquag plias hlau, qhia tias passivation tsis zoo.

Ferroxyl xeem:Txheeb xyuas dawb hlau ions los ntawm kev siv tshwj xeeb reagents (piv txwv li, poov tshuaj ferricyanide).

Electrochemical Testing:Potentiodynamic Polarization Polarization lossis Qhib - Circuit Court Peev los xyuas cov hluav taws xob sib luag ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab passive.

X - ray photorectron spectroscopy (xps):Cov txheej txheem ua ntej los tshawb xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm txheej passive (CR, FE, MO, thiab lwm yam).

Cyclic Corrosion Kev Kuaj:Simulate tiag - ntiaj teb ib puag ncig kis las -} Term passivity.

6.3 Cov Ntaub Ntawv & Traceability

Cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev yuav tsum ntes cov hom kua, kev xav, kub, lub sijhawm kub, ncej {{0} {}} kev kho mob.

Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm passivation ua raws cai yuav tsum siv tus qauv siv (piv txwv li ittm 967).

Nquag rov - Cov sijhawm caij nyoog yuav tsum tau txhais raws kev siv, ib puag ncig, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig.

7. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Passivation: Kev ua yeeb yam, Ntev, thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb

7.1 txhim kho corrosion tsis kam

Los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov hlau dawb thiab lwm cov khoom tsis huv, passive restores thiab txhim kho cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm corrosion (xeb, pitting, pitting, crevice corrosion).

7.2 Kev Pab Cuam Tshuam

Kom raug passivated stainless hlau tuaj yeem kawgntev ntevHauv kev pabcuam dua li tsis siv cov khoom siv:

Tiv thaiv thaum ntxov xeb thiab cheeb tsam corrosion, txo kev saib xyuas kev saib xyuas.

Saib xyuas ib puag ncig kev ua tau zoo (Chororides, acids, av noo) los ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab passive.

7.3 Txhim kho kev huv thiab kev tswj tsis huv

Hlau dawb tshem tawm los ntawm qhov chaw saum npoo tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom lag luam ua tiav (tseem ceeb hauv cov zaub mov, phasch).

Txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev paug los ntawm reastness hlau hom, txhim kho kev coj dawb huv thiab kev nyab xeeb.

Kev tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib kis hauv cov tshuab rhiab.

7.4 Txo cov nqi thiab tu nqi

Cov kev coj ua (lossis rov {{- Passive) pab txo cov corrosed unplosen-}}}}}} sib xws shutdowns.
Nws tseem txuas ntxiv nrug ntawm kev saib xyuas txij nkawm, vim tias txheej passive yog ua kom siab dua thiab muaj zog, tsis yog xwb.

7.5 Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Ntseeg

Hauv kev tso tsheb hlau luam, cov hlab ntsha, lossis cov tshuab uas muaj cov dej tseem ceeb lossis ua kom muaj kev phom sij txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm corrosion - induced reaks.

Los ntawm kev ua kom muaj qhov ua tau zoo kawg nkaus txheej, passivation pab tiv thaiv kom paug lossis ua tsis tiav hauv lub hom phiaj (aerospace, biotech, phasch).

8. Qhov txwv thiab kev nkag siab ntawm passivation

Txawm hais tias passivation yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, muaj qee qhov tseem ceeb ua haujlwm thiab cov tsis muaj kev nkag siab.

8.1 Dab tsi passivationTsis tauUa

Nws tsis yog txheej:Passivation tsis tso nyiaj tuab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tuab; Nws tsuas yog txhawb nqa ib qho nyias nyias (nanometer - nplai) oxide txheej.

Tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov nplai hnyav lossis Weld Oxide:Thaum muaj cov ntawv loj oxides hnyav (piv txwv li, tom qab siv tshuab ua haujlwm), tu txhua yam lossis pickling yuav tsum ua ntej.

Tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tsis xws luag:Khawb, pits, lossis sib sib zog nqus hlau tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem sib cais; passivation tsis "kho" lawv.

Tsis hloov chaw rau lwm txoj kev tiv thaiv Corrosion:Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tsis tshua muaj zog, kev tiv thaiv kab mob ua tiav lossis cov qauv tsim qauv tsim tau tseem tsim nyog.

8.2 Kev Ntseeg Tsis Txaus Ntseeg

"Stainless hlau tsis xav tau passivation":Ntau tus neeg xav tias stainless inherently tiv taus corrosion. Tab sis lorication thiab tuav puas lub passive txheej; Qhov passivation yog xav tau los kho lossis ntxiv dag zog rau nws.

Tag nrho cov passivation yog tib yam:Muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv, cov hau kev, thiab da dej; Qhov "txoj cai" passivation nyob ntawm alloy, daim ntawv thov, thiab cov cai tswj tau.

Nquag passivation yog overkill:Qhov no nyob ntawm ib puag ncig. Hauv kev hnyav lossis paug {{- prone chaw, caij nyoog re- Passivation yuav raug cai.

Passivation ua rau cov hlau "xeb - dawb mus ib txhis":Thaum txhim kho kom txhim kho ntau, passivated steel yog tsis immprinible. Cov cheeb tsam zoo nkauj (chlorides, ua kom loj, abrasivesives) kuj tseem yuav ua rau muaj kev tsim thiab kho kom zoo.

9. Tiag -} Cov Ntaub Ntawv Ntiaj Teb thiab Kev Kawm Txog Cov Ntaub Ntawv

Txhawm rau ua piv txwv yog vim li cas passivation yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, ntawm no - ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus thiab kev kawm ntiaj teb.

9.1 Tshuaj Kho Mob / Biotech

Qhov Teeb Meem:Stainless steel bioreactor vessel after welding and polishing may have embedded iron and micro-contaminants.

Kev daws:Dhau mus siv Nitric lossis citric acid (Astm A967) kom tshem cov hlau dawb, tom qab ntawd cia cov tshuaj kho kom zoo.

Tau txais txiaj ntsig:Txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlau uas tsis muaj roj nyob rau hauv biologics, txhim kho biocompatibility, thiab ua kom ntev}} lub sij hawm ntseeg tau.

9.2 Cov Khoom Noj thiab Dej Haus

Qhov Teeb Meem:Stainless hlau thiab tso tsheb hlau luam hauv ib tsob nroj tsis muaj mis nyuj sib sau micro - phoo ntawv khawb thiab cov hlau tsis huv; CIP Cycles Demrade Passive Txheej Sij Hawm Sijhawm.

Kev daws:Passivation tom qab vuam thiab ntu thaum txij nkawm siv cov zaub mov - cov ntaub acid formulations.

Tau txais txiaj ntsig:Tswj cov chaw du, huv si; txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm xeb pob; Txhob mob cov khoom paug.

9.3 Tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov nroj tsuag petrochemical

Qhov Teeb Meem:Cov hlab thiab reactors ua haujlwm hauv chloride - nplua nuj, siab {1} {temp ib puag ncig. Vuam thiab siab - kev nyuaj siab ua haujlwm tsoo saum npoo beamivity.

Kev daws:Siv nitric acid los yog phosphoric acid passivation txiav tawm rau Alloy (piv txwv li 316L, Ruplex). Teeb tsa RE - kev txij nkawm passivation.

Tau txais txiaj ntsig:Lub sijhawm ntev corrosion tsis kam, tsawg dua unplanned sheetdowns, txo cov nqi txij nkawm.

9.4 TANK THIAB THAUJ LAG LUAM

Qhov Teeb Meem:Sab hauv ntawm tank wagons / iso tso tsheb hlau luam pom rov ua dua acidic lossis corrosive loads; Kev ntxuav huv yuav ua rau nto.

Kev daws:Tshuaj lom zem ntawm cov chaw sab hauv ua ntej commissioning thiab lub caij nyoog rov - bwbivation.

Tau txais txiaj ntsig:Tiv thaiv cov hlau pub dawb {} Raws li xeb, tiv thaiv cov khoom thauj, txo qis kev pheej hmoo thiab downtime.

9.5 Kev Kho Mob thiab Kev Txiaj Ntsig Kev

Qhov Teeb Meem:Stainless hlau phais cov cuab yeej muaj ntau ntau sterilized, tes, thiab qee zaum kos, txo passive txheej kev ncaj ncees.

Kev daws:Passivate nrog citric acid kom tshem tawm cov hlau nto thiab rov ua cov chromium - xide zaj duab xis tsis muaj kev hloov pauv.

Tau txais txiaj ntsig:Txuas ntxiv lub neej ntsuas lub neej, txo cov xeb, thiab txhim kho huv.

10. Pom zoo passivation lub tswv yim rau kev lag luam sib txawv

Muab cov kev sib txawv ntawm cov qhab nia stainless me me thiab cov muab kev pab ib puag ncig, ntawm no yog cov lus pom zoo.

11. Ib puag ncig, kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov kev txiav txim siab

11.1 Environenceal

Tshuaj khib nyiab:Cov chav da dej hla dhau los yuav tsum tau muab tso tawm kom zoo thiab pov tseg raws li kev cai ib puag ncig.

Lwm txoj kev xaiv:Citric acid passivation muaj kev nyab xeeb rau ib puag ncig dua nitric acid, ua tsawg dua cov khib nyiab.

Rov siv dua thiab rov ua dua tshiab:Zoo - tswj cov haujlwm passivation tuaj yeem rov ua cov dej phwj me thiab txo qis tshuaj pov tseg tshuaj.

11.2 Tus Ua Haujlwm Kev Nyab Xeeb

Acid handling:Nitric acid yog corrosive thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov pa yeeb tshuaj lom; Tus PPE zoo thiab kev ua pa yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Kev Kawm:Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau raug cob qhia hauv kev tuav nyab xeeb, kev kho mob da dej, thiab cov lus teb thaum muaj xwm ceev.

Kev cai ua raws cai:Cov chaw yuav tsum ua raws li osha, mus txog, lossis kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb tshuaj rau kev nyab xeeb hauv nroog (piv txwv li rau cov kua qaub cia thiab pov tseg).

11.3 nqi -} Cov Nyiaj Pab

Thaum passivation incurs raug nqi (ua haujlwm, tshuaj lom neeg, siv tshuaj, downtime), tusRov qab los ntawm kev nqis peev (ROI)feem ntau muaj zog:

Txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm corrosion -} qhov tsis ua haujlwm

Txuas ntxiv tivthaiv / cuab tam

Tsawg dua kev kho lossis hloov chaw

Txo kev saib xyuas ntau zaus

Txhim kho cov khoom siv purity thiab system ua haujlwm

Los ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion thaum ntxov, passivation zam dhau ntau yam kim kim dua yav tom ntej tsis ua tiav.

Nyeem ntxiv:Tiag - Lub Ntiaj Teb Kev Siv thiab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Tsis Zoo: Vim li cas Passive txiav txim rau Stainless Hlau Daus

12. Xaus

Passivation tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho kev xaiv ua tiav rau stainless hlau - nws yog aQhov uas yuav tsum tau uaYog tias koj xav qhib lub peev xwm tag nrho ntawm stainless yog corrosion tsis kam. Los ntawm cov tshuaj chromically thiab rov ua dua lub chromium -} xide passive zaj duab xis, passivation txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, thanevity, thiab kev ntseeg tau.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau dav - ni} ib yam:

Txhim kho corrosion tsis kam thiab nto moo ruaj khov

Kev Pab Cuam Ntxiv Lub Neej thiab Kev Tu Kom Zoo

Kev tiv thaiv cov khoom muaj paug

Txhim kho kev nyab xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb

Cov Txheej Txheem Zoo Dua Nyiaj Txiag tshaj lub sijhawm ntawm cov khoom siv

Txawm li cas los xij, passivation tsis yog khawv koob: nws tsis hloov tsim zoo, kom huv, lossis lwm yam kev tiv thaiv. Tsis yog nws yog ib qho - loj - haum - txhua tus txheej txheem. Xaiv txoj cai passive commemation, tswj cov txheej txheem hloov pauv, thiab qhia kom paub qhov kev ua kom passivation zoo yog txhua qhov tseem ceeb kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev ua tau zoo.

Xav txog cov hlau uas tsis muaj zog thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam -}}}}} qhov tseem ceeb ntawm passivation tsis tau. Tsis quav ntsej nws yuav tsis ua rau kev ua tsis tiav, tab sis dhau sijhawm, qhov tsis muaj zog ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion, kev nyab xeeb cov nqi kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov nqi nyab xeeb, thiab nce nqi. Conversely, ib qho zoo -}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} Txoj Haujlwm Passive Combitions los ntawm kev ua kom ruaj khov, thiab kev ntseeg tau.

Rau txhua lub koom haum siv lossis fab ntawm cov stainless - steel qhov chaw, ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ncaj ncees dhau lub sijhawm ntev.